Blog Arasys Perfector - Xanya Sofra Weiss

Aging is not just the sum total of individually deteriorating cells. Aging is the dynamic process of increasing imbalances in the systemic organization of these cells. Antiaging reflects a multilevel approach that simultaneously targets a number of biological network modules. Identifying these dynamically organized network modules will be very important in formulating a model of how and why the aging process takes place and whether or not we can reverse aging by reorganizing an aged network model. How can a biological network be reorganized? The old, the ill, and the injured all suffer from disarranged patterns of atoms, whether disarranged by aging and accumulated free radicals, invading viruses, or unfortunate accidents. Aged and young are the Gestalts on opposite poles composed of variations in the arrangement of their dynamically organized networks.

Xanya Sofra Weiss

Xanya Sofra Weiss

We compared the Purkinje cells of adult normal and weaver mutant (wv/wv) mice by iontophoretic and electrophysiological tests. Although weaver Purkinje cells fire spontaneously at a rate (38 Hz) similar to normal mouse neurons (40 Hz), several abnormalities of firing were seen: high frequency bursts of single (simple) spikes occurred in 5-10-sec episodes in 38% of weaver cells, compared to 8% in normal mice; spontaneous complex spikes (climbing fiber-like burst responses) occurred in several different forms in a given Purkinje cell. As in normal mice and rats, the spontaneous single spike activity is readily depressed by electrical stimulation of the locus coeruleus, the presumed source of a dense noradrenergic plexus in the weaver cerebellar cortex. In a preliminary experiment the adrenergic blocking agent, fluphenazine, antagonized the responses to locus coeruleus stimulation. Iontophoresis of norepinephrine (NE), GABA and serotonin (5-HT) also uniformly depressed Purkinje cell single spike activity in all normal and weaver mice; cyclic AMP depressed 55% of normal and 70% of weaver Purkinje cells. Glutamate was always excitatory. The only qualitative difference was seen with acetylcholine, which was mostly inhibitory in normal mouse, but increased the firing rate in 42% of weaver Purkinje neurons. Cyclic GMP was predominantly excitatory in both types. Thus, despite the absence of parallel fibers, weaver Purkinje neurons grossly resemble normal Purkinje cells electrophysiologically as well as morphologically. Since several sites of indirect presynaptic actions are eliminated in weaver, our results further substantiate the direct post-synaptic inhibitory nature of GABA, 5-HT and NE, and the noradrenergic pathway from locus coeruleus to Purkinje cells. Similarly, consistent inhibitory responses to cyclic AMP in the weaver support the previously hypothesized role of cyclic AMP in the post-synaptic inhibitory response to NE.

Xanya Sofra Weiss

Xanya Sofra Weiss

Hansen, F N Bennedbæk, M Høier-Madsen, L Hegedu, B B Jacobsen;2003

Objective: Thyroid autoantibodies (TA) and thyroid ultrasonography are widely used in the diagnosis of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). However, we know little of the significance of having ultrasonographic abnormalities (USabn) without having any other signs of AITD. In a previous population-based study of 105 young patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) we found a high prevalence (42%) of USabn. In the present study we evaluate the development of both USabn and TA in a 3-year follow-up of this cohort.
Design: Of the 105 previously investigated children and adolescents with T1DM (aged 5 – 21 years), 101 were re-examined. Serum concentrations of tri-iodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), TSH, thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOab) and thyroglobulin antibodies (Tgab), as well as thyroid size and morphology were determined in all patients.
Results: During the 3 years follow-up period, the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction increased from 5 to 8%, the prevalence of TPOab was unchanged at 13%, while the prevalence of Tgab decreased from 14 to 7%. The prevalence of USabn increased from 42 to 49%. Most patients presented USabn at both examinations. Patients with USabn had a higher prevalence of TA than those without USabn ðP 1⁄4 0:038Þ and higher serum levels of TSH ðP 1⁄4 0:027Þ: All patients with thyroid dysfunction presented with USabn. However, many patients with USabn had no other signs of AITD.
Conclusions: A high prevalence of thyroid dysfunction, TA and thyroid USabn were found in young patients with T1DM. Thyroid USabn was a sensitive but non-specific marker of AITD and is therefore unsuitable for screening purposes. Instead, we recommend regular screening using serum TSH in the follow-up of young diabetic patients. (European Journal of Endocrinology 148 245–251)

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Hansen, F N Bennedbæk, M Høier-Madsen, L Hegedu, B B Jacobsen;2003

Objective: Thyroid autoantibodies (TA) and thyroid ultrasonography are widely used in the diagnosis of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). However, we know little of the significance of having ultrasonographic abnormalities (USabn) without having any other signs of AITD. In a previous population-based study of 105 young patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) we found a high prevalence (42%) of USabn. In the present study we evaluate the development of both USabn and TA in a 3-year follow-up of this cohort.
Design: Of the 105 previously investigated children and adolescents with T1DM (aged 5 – 21 years), 101 were re-examined. Serum concentrations of tri-iodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), TSH, thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOab) and thyroglobulin antibodies (Tgab), as well as thyroid size and morphology were determined in all patients.
Results: During the 3 years follow-up period, the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction increased from 5 to 8%, the prevalence of TPOab was unchanged at 13%, while the prevalence of Tgab decreased from 14 to 7%. The prevalence of USabn increased from 42 to 49%. Most patients presented USabn at both examinations. Patients with USabn had a higher prevalence of TA than those without USabn ðP 1⁄4 0:038Þ and higher serum levels of TSH ðP 1⁄4 0:027Þ: All patients with thyroid dysfunction presented with USabn. However, many patients with USabn had no other signs of AITD.
Conclusions: A high prevalence of thyroid dysfunction, TA and thyroid USabn were found in young patients with T1DM. Thyroid USabn was a sensitive but non-specific marker of AITD and is therefore unsuitable for screening purposes. Instead, we recommend regular screening using serum TSH in the follow-up of young diabetic patients. (European Journal of Endocrinology 148 245–251)

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Xanya Sofra Weiss

Andrzej Bartke 2005

The important role of IGF and insulin-related signaling pathways in the control of longevity of worms and insects is very well documented. In the mouse, several spontaneous or experimentally induced mutations that interfere with GH biosynthesis, GH actions, or sensitivity to IGF-I lead to extended longevity. Increases in the average life span in these mutants range from approximately 20–70% depending on the nature of the endocrine defect, gender, diet, and/or genetic background. Extended longevity of hypopituitary and GH-resistant mice appears to be due to multiple mechanisms including reduced insulin levels, enhanced insulin sensitivity, alterations in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, reduced generation of reactive oxygen species, enhanced resistance to stress, reduced oxidative damage, and delayed onset of age-related disease. There is considerable evidence to suggest that the genetic and endocrine mechanisms that influence aging and longevity in mice may play a similar role in other mammalian species, including the human. (Endocrinology 146(9):3718–3723)

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Xanya Sofra Weiss

Richard Nuccitelli, Uwe Pliquett, Xinhua Chen, Wentia Ford, R. James Swanson, Stephen J. Beebe, Juergen F. Kolb, Karl H. Schoenbach (2006)

We have discovered a new, drug-free therapy for treating solid skin tumors. Pulsed electric fields greater than 20 kV/cm with rise times of 30 ns and durations of 300 ns penetrate into the interior of tumor cells and cause tumor cell nuclei to rapidly shrink and tumor blood flow to stop. Melanomas shrink by 90% within two weeks following a cumulative field exposure time of 120 ls. A second treatment at this time can result in complete remission. This new technique provides a highly localized targeting of tumor cells with only minor effects on overlying skin. Each pulse deposits 0.2 J and 100 pulses increase the temperature of the treated region by only 3 °C, ten degrees lower than the minimum temperature for hyperthermia effects.

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Xanya Sofra Weiss

Paulo Renato Junqueira Zuim, Alicio Rosalino Garcia, Karina Helga Leal Turcio, Marcelo Matida Hamata;  2006

The effect of Microcurrent Electrical Nerve Stimulation (MENS) was evaluated and compared with occlusal splint therapy in temporomandibular disorders (TMD) patients with muscle pain. Twenty TMD patients were divided into four groups. One received occlusal splint therapy and MENS (I); other received splints and placebo MENS (II); the third, only MENS (III) and the last group, placebo MENS (IV). Sensitivity derived from muscle palpation was evaluated using a visual analogue scale. Results were submitted to analysis of variance (p<0.05). There was reduction of pain level in all groups: group I (occlusal splint and MENS) had a 47.7% reduction rate; group II (occlusal splint and placebo MENS), 66.7%; group III (MENS), 49.7% and group IV (placebo MENS), 16.5%. In spite of that, there was no statistical difference (analysis of variance / p<0.05) between MENS and occlusal splint therapy regarding muscle pain reduction in TMD patients after four weeks.

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Xanya Sofra Weiss

Robert H. Odell, Jr., MD, PhD, Richard E. Sorgnard, PhD; 2008

Inflammation often plays a key role in the perpetuation of pain. Chronic inflammatory conditions (e.g. osteoarthritis, immune system dysfunction, micro-circulatory disease, painful neuritis, and even heart disease) have increased as baby boomers age. Medicine’s current antiinflammatory choices are NSAIDs and steroids; the value in promoting cure and side effect risks of these medications are unclear and controversial, especially considering individual patient variations. Electricity has continuously been a powerful tool in medicine for thousands of years. All medical professionals are, to some degree, aware of electrotherapy; those who directly use electricity for treatment know of its anti-inflammatory effects. Electronic signal treatment (EST), as an extension of presently available technology, may reasonably have even more anti-inflammatory effects. EST is a digitally produced alternating current sinusoidal electronic signal with associated harmonics to produce theoretically reasonable and/or scientifically documented physiological effects when applied to the human body. These signals are produced by advanced electronics not possible even 10 to 15 years ago. The potential long-lasting anti-inflammatory effects of some electrical currents are based on basic physical and biochemical facts listed in the text below, namely that of stimulating and signaling effective and long-lasting anti-inflammatory effects in nerve and muscle cells. The safety of electrotherapeutic treatments in general and EST in particular has been established through extensive clinical use. The principles of physics have been largely de-emphasized in modern medicine in favor of chemistry. These electrical treatments, a familiar application of physics, thus represent powerful and appropriate elements of physicians’ pain care armamentaria in the clinic and possibly for prescription for use at home to improve overall patient care and maintenance of quality of life via low-risk and potentially curative treatments. ( Pain Physician 11:891-907 )

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Xanya Sofra Weiss

LAMBERT, MICHAEL I., MARCUS, PAUL, BURGESS, THERESA, NOAKES, TIMOTHY D.;  2002

Purpose: Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) occurs after unaccustomed physical activity
or competitive sport, resulting in stiff, painful muscles with impaired function. Acustat(R)
electro-membrane microcurrent therapy has been used to treat postoperative pain and soft
tissue injury; however, its efficacy in reducing symptoms of muscle damage is not known.
Methods: Thirty healthy men were recruited for a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The
muscles of their nondominant arms were damaged using an eccentric-exercise protocol.
Subjects were then randomly assigned to treatment with either Acustat or a matching placebo membrane for 96 h and monitored for a total of 168 h.
Results: Subjects in both groups experienced severe pain and swelling of the elbow flexors
after the eccentric exercise. After 24 h, the elbow joint angle of the placebo group had
increased significantly more than those in the Acustat group (13.7 +/- 8.9[degrees] vs 7.5 +/- 5.5[degrees]; placebo vs Acustat, P < 0.05), possibly as a consequence of the elbow flexor
muscles shortening.
For the first 48 h after exercise, maximum voluntary contraction of the elbow flexor muscles was significantly impaired in the placebo group by up to 25% (P < 0.05), whereas muscle function was unchanged in the Acustat group. Peak plasma creatine kinase activity was also lower in the Acustat group (peak = 777 +/- 1438 U[middle dot]L-1) versus the placebo group (peak = 1918 +/- 2067 U[middle dot]L-1; (P < 0.05). The membranes were well tolerated by the subjects in both groups without any adverse effects.
Conclusion: These data show that treatment of muscle damage with Acustat electro-membrane microcurrent therapy reduces the severity of the symptoms. The mechanisms of action are
unknown but are likely related to maintenance of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis after muscle damaging exercise. (Vol. 34, No. 4, pp. 602-607 )

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Xanya Sofra Weiss

P.R.J. ZUIM, A.R. GARCIA, K.H.L. TURCIO, M.M. HAMATA

According to some authors, headache, earache, TMJ and muscle pain are consequence of muscle hyperactivity. Pain reduction may be achieved by physiotherapy, drugs, psychotherapy and/or occlusal therapy. Physiotherapy by microcurrent (MENS) and its effects on tissue repair process has been studied. However, it is lacking studies comparing microcurrent effect and others TMD therapeutic methods. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine if microcurrent therapy aids the masticatory muscle pain reduction in TMD patients.
Methods: Twenty patients divided in four groups were evaluated by means of sensibility to muscle palpation using a visual analogue scale (VAS). One group used occlusal splint therapy and MENS (I); other one, splint and placebo MENS (II); the third, only MENS application (III) and the last group, placebo MENS (IV). The results were submitted to analysis of variance (5% of significance). Results: It was verified that in group I (splint and MENS) there was a pain level reduction about 47.7%; group II (occlusal splint and placebo MENS), 66.7%; group III (MENS), 49.7%; group IV (placebo MENS), 16.5%. Conclusions: There was not statistical difference between MENS application and occlusal splint therapy regarding muscle pain level reduction in TMD patients.

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Xanya Sofra Weiss

A Closer Look Electric charge is a basic property of elementary particles of matter. The protons in an atom, for example, have a positive charge, the electrons have a negative charge, and the neutrons have zero charge. In an ordinary atom, the number of protons equals the number of electrons, so the atom normally has no net electric charge. An atom becomes negatively charged if it gains extra electrons, and it becomes positively charged if it loses electrons; atoms with net charge are called ions. Every charged particle is surrounded by an electric field, the area in which the charge exerts a force. Particles with nonzero electric charge interact with each other by exchanging photons, the carriers of the electromagnetic force. The strength and direction of the force charged particles exert on each other depends on the product of their charges: they attract each other if the product of their charges is negative and repel each other if the product is positive. Thus two electrons, each with charge -1, will repel each other, since -1 × -1 = +1, a positive number. Static electricity consists of charged particles at rest, while electric current consists of moving charged particles, especially electrons or ions.

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Xanya Sofra Weiss